Bind datetime/uuid/Decimal/dict/bytes params natively; decode BYTEA - #17
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What: bind_params() now recognizes Python datetime (naive -> TIMESTAMP,
tz-aware -> TIMESTAMPTZ normalized to UTC), date -> DATE, time -> TIME,
uuid.UUID -> UUID, decimal.Decimal -> NUMERIC via BigDecimal (exact), and
dict/list/tuple -> JSON/JSONB via a new py_to_json converter, plus
bytes/bytearray -> BYTEA. pg_value_to_py() gains a BYTEA -> bytes decode
arm. Only bool/int/float/str/None bound natively before; every other type
forced str(obj) plus a manual $1::type cast in the SQL text.
Why: passing a datetime or UUID as str + cast was the biggest ergonomics
gap vs asyncpg/psycopg and a documented gotcha, even though the sqlx
Encode impls (chrono/uuid/bigdecimal/json features) were already compiled
in - only the Python-side detection was missing. pyo3's chrono FromPyObject
impls and PyDateTime wrappers are compiled out under this crate's abi3-py38
build, so recognition uses GILOnceCell-cached stdlib class objects checked
with isinstance (subclass-correct), and datetime components are read
through the plain PyAny attribute API. Error paths are loud by design:
tz-aware time raises NotSupportedError, a JSON int beyond i64/u64 or a
non-JSON-mappable object (e.g. set) raises DataError naming the type -
matching the driver's existing no-silent-loss policy.
Usage:
await pool.execute(
"INSERT INTO events (at, uid, price, meta, blob) VALUES ($1,$2,$3,$4,$5)",
[datetime.now(timezone.utc), uuid.uuid4(), Decimal("9.99"),
{"ok": True}, b"\x00payload"])
Tests: tests/native_binding.py (added to the CI live-Postgres step) covers
exact round trips for every newly bound type through both Pool and
Transaction, non-UTC offset conversion, tuple->array and int-key dict
json.dumps compatibility, bytearray copy semantics, empty bytes, native
params in WHERE clauses, and the three loud-failure cases.
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📝 WalkthroughWalkthroughPostPyro adds native PostgreSQL binding for temporal, UUID, Decimal, JSON, and binary Python values. BYTEA results decode to ChangesNative PostgreSQL binding
Priority: ➖ Normal Estimated code review effort: 4 (Complex) | ~45 minutes Change: Feature Sequence Diagram(s)sequenceDiagram
participant PythonCode
participant PostPyro
participant PostgreSQL
PythonCode->>PostPyro: execute SQL with native parameters
PostPyro->>PostgreSQL: bind converted PostgreSQL values
PostgreSQL-->>PostPyro: return typed result values
PostPyro-->>PythonCode: decode results to Python values
Suggested reviewers: Merge Risk: 🟠 High · up to This change adds direct binding of Python dates, times, UUIDs, decimals, JSON, and binary values, plus decoding of binary columns to 🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1❌ Failed checks (1 warning)
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
Full details: Docstring CoverageExplanation Docstring coverage is 50.00% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 10 functions across 3 files. (3 skipped: 3 unsupported.) ✨ Finishing Touches 💡 1🛠️ Fix failing CI checks 💡
🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)
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… guard and cache split What: aware datetimes now read their offset via datetime.utcoffset() on the datetime itself (not tzinfo.utcoffset(), which takes the datetime as an argument and would raise TypeError for every aware value); UUIDs are parsed from their string form instead of an assumed FromPyObject impl; py_to_json gains a 128-level depth guard (self-referential or deeply nested containers raise DataError instead of aborting on a Rust stack overflow); memoryview binds as BYTEA instead of its repr leaking in as TEXT; prepared statements are marked non-persistent when one SQL text sees both naive and aware datetimes, whose TIMESTAMP vs TIMESTAMPTZ wire types would collide in sqlx's text-keyed cache. Why: the first two were real bugs caught in review (every aware datetime would fail; the uuid extraction had no backing impl and would not compile); the guard converts an uncatchable abort into a catchable exception; the cache split prevents wrong-parameter-OID plans the same way the existing NULL hazard does. Usage: unchanged API. Arrays are still available by casting in SQL ($1::int4[] with a stringified list), documented alongside two other intentional limitations (tz-aware time, Decimal NaN). Tests: tests/native_binding.py adds DST offsets (fixed UTC+2 and month-varying offsets, each datetime converted with its own offset), datetime.min/max round trips, high-precision and trailing-zero Decimal, a datetime subclass, 100-level nested JSON, memoryview, over-deep and self-referential JSON raising DataError, and mixed naive/aware datetimes against one SQL text to exercise the cache split.
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Actionable comments posted: 7
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Inline comments:
In `@CHANGELOG.md`:
- Line 24: Update the changelog entry describing native parameter binding so
DataError for JSON-incompatible types applies only to values processed by the
dict/list/tuple JSON conversion in bind_params; do not claim that a top-level
set raises DataError, since it follows the fallback string binding path.
- Line 25: Remove the BYTEA reference from the earlier unsupported-type example
in the unreleased 2.0.0 changelog entry, keeping the later statement that BYTEA
columns decode to Python bytes.
In `@PostPyro_documentation.md`:
- Line 355: Update the documentation statement about int binding to say that int
values bind as BIGINT only within the signed 64-bit range; remove the claim that
this behavior applies regardless of magnitude.
- Line 312: Update the BYTEA example in the documentation table to use a real
Python bytes value containing the two binary bytes 0x00 and 0x01, such as an
unescaped bytes literal or bytes([0, 1]), rather than a literal backslash
sequence.
In `@src/types.rs`:
- Around line 313-314: Update bind_params to replace the separate has_naive_ts
and has_aware_ts tracking with a has_ambiguous_temporal flag; set it for both
PyDateTimeParam::Timestamp and PyDateTimeParam::Timestamptz branches and for the
datetime.date binding branch, then disable persistence when has_null or
has_ambiguous_temporal is true.
- Line 178: Restore the Rust documentation-comment prefix on the line containing
“timestamptz->timestamp cast under the session timezone.” so it is parsed as
documentation rather than source code, preserving the existing text.
In `@tests/native_binding.py`:
- Around line 270-304: Update bind_params to reject unsupported top-level
objects such as set before they are stringified or bound as String, raising
PostPyro.DataError consistently with the documented contract. Preserve the
existing test expectation in the native binding coverage and avoid changing
supported JSON-mappable values.
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.github/workflows/ci.ymlCHANGELOG.mdPostPyro_documentation.mdpython/PostPyro/__init__.pyisrc/types.rstests/native_binding.py
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What: four issues found while getting this branch to actually build
and pass its own test suite:
- src/types.rs:178 was missing its `///` prefix, dropping out of the
doc comment and getting parsed as bare code - a syntax error that
also masked every error below it from the compiler.
- Once that parsed, three more errors surfaced: `pyo3::types::PyMemoryView`
doesn't exist in pyo3 0.20 (the version this crate pins) - replaced
with the same GILOnceCell+isinstance approach already used for
datetime/uuid/Decimal, extracting bytes via memoryview's own
`tobytes()` method. `PyType::name()` already returns `&str` in this
pyo3 version, so the `.to_str()` call on it didn't compile. And
`get_int_attr` returned `i32` for every datetime/date/time component,
but chrono's constructors take `u32` for everything except year -
split into `get_int_attr` (year only) and a new `get_uint_attr`.
- BYTEA decoded via `decode_scalar::<Vec<u8>>`, but pyo3's generic
`IntoPy` for `Vec<u8>` produces a Python `list` of per-byte `int`s,
not a `bytes` object - added `decode_bytea` using `PyBytes::new`
directly.
- A bare `set`/`frozenset` parameter isn't `dict`/`list`/`tuple`, so it
fell through to the `str(obj)` TEXT fallback instead of raising
DataError as the PR's own test asserts. Binding it as TEXT against a
SQL text whose placeholder was already prepared as JSONB (from an
earlier call with a real dict) sent malformed bytes and surfaced as
Postgres SQLSTATE XX000 ("unsupported jsonb version number") instead
of a catchable exception. Routed set/frozenset through the existing
py_to_json rejection path instead.
Verified: cargo check/clippy -D warnings/test --lib all clean, mypy
clean, and the full test suite (including this PR's own
tests/native_binding.py) passes against a live Postgres 16.
What: a list/tuple of a single bool/int/float/str type (None entries allowed) now binds as a real bool[]/int8[]/float8[]/text[] array instead of going through the JSON conversion this branch already adds for dict/list/tuple. A mixed-type or nested list/tuple, and any dict, still bind as JSON/JSONB exactly as before - array support only kicks in for the homogeneous-primitive case. Matching decode support added for those array types (previously any array raised NotSupportedError). Why: this branch's own docs called out "lists bind as JSON, not Postgres arrays" as a known, intentional limitation. Asyncpg's default is the opposite (a plain list binds as an array), so this closes that gap for the common case while keeping JSON available for anything that isn't a flat homogeneous sequence. Tests: tests/native_array_binding.py (added to the CI live-Postgres step) covers int/float/bool/text arrays via both list and tuple, None elements inside an array, an empty array, mixed-type and nested lists falling back to JSON (not TEXT, not an array), and confirms set/frozenset still raise DataError rather than reaching a JSONB placeholder as TEXT.
What: one generic get_attr<T>(obj, attr) instead of two near-identical hand-written functions differing only in return type (i32 for year, u32 for everything else datetime/date/time expose). Why: that duplication is exactly what let the i32/u32 mismatch (fixed two commits back) go unnoticed - get_uint_attr simply didn't exist yet, so every call site used the i32 version regardless of what chrono actually wanted. Making the target type part of the call site (get_attr::<u32>(...)) means a wrong-width call fails to compile instead of relying on a human keeping two copies in sync. Verified: cargo check/clippy -D warnings/test --lib clean, and the full test suite (including tests/native_binding.py and tests/native_array_binding.py) passes against a live Postgres 16 - no behavior change, pure refactor.
What: the non-persistent-statement guard for ambiguous temporal binds only tripped when a single call bound both a naive and an aware datetime to the same SQL text - it didn't cover the actual common case (separate calls, one temporal value each), and didn't cover datetime.date at all despite DATE/TIMESTAMP being different wire sizes. Replaced the two-flag naive/aware check with one has_ambiguous_temporal flag set by any DATE/TIMESTAMP/TIMESTAMPTZ bind, so every such call is non-persistent regardless of what a prior or later call to the same SQL text bound. Also fixes three documentation issues: - CHANGELOG.md claimed BYTEA both "raises NotSupportedError" (an older, now-stale bullet) and "decodes to bytes" (this PR's bullet) in the same unreleased entry - reworded the older bullet's example types to ones still actually unsupported. - PostPyro_documentation.md's BYTEA example used `b"\\x00\\x01"`, which is the four characters `\`, `x`, `0`, `0` (escaped backslash) repeated, not two null/SOH bytes - fixed to `b"\x00\x01"`. - PostPyro_documentation.md claimed int binds as BIGINT "regardless of magnitude" - an out-of-range int actually raises an extraction error rather than falling back to TEXT; reworded to say so. Verified: cargo check/clippy -D warnings/test --lib clean, mypy clean, and the full test suite passes against a live Postgres 16 with no behavior change to any passing case (the persistence fix only removes caching in more cases, which can't introduce new failures).
This was referenced Sep 18, 2026
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What: bind_params() now recognizes Python datetime (naive -> TIMESTAMP, tz-aware -> TIMESTAMPTZ normalized to UTC), date -> DATE, time -> TIME, uuid.UUID -> UUID, decimal.Decimal -> NUMERIC via BigDecimal (exact), and dict/list/tuple -> JSON/JSONB via a new py_to_json converter, plus bytes/bytearray -> BYTEA. pg_value_to_py() gains a BYTEA -> bytes decode arm. Only bool/int/float/str/None bound natively before; every other type forced str(obj) plus a manual $1::type cast in the SQL text.
Why: passing a datetime or UUID as str + cast was the biggest ergonomics gap vs asyncpg/psycopg and a documented gotcha, even though the sqlx Encode impls (chrono/uuid/bigdecimal/json features) were already compiled in - only the Python-side detection was missing. pyo3's chrono FromPyObject impls and PyDateTime wrappers are compiled out under this crate's abi3-py38 build, so recognition uses GILOnceCell-cached stdlib class objects checked with isinstance (subclass-correct), and datetime components are read through the plain PyAny attribute API. Error paths are loud by design: tz-aware time raises NotSupportedError, a JSON int beyond i64/u64 or a non-JSON-mappable object (e.g. set) raises DataError naming the type - matching the driver's existing no-silent-loss policy.
Usage:
await pool.execute(
"INSERT INTO events (at, uid, price, meta, blob) VALUES ($1,$2,$3,$4,$5)",
[datetime.now(timezone.utc), uuid.uuid4(), Decimal("9.99"),
{"ok": True}, b"\x00payload"])
Tests: tests/native_binding.py (added to the CI live-Postgres step) covers exact round trips for every newly bound type through both Pool and Transaction, non-UTC offset conversion, tuple->array and int-key dict json.dumps compatibility, bytearray copy semantics, empty bytes, native params in WHERE clauses, and the three loud-failure cases.
Summary by CodeRabbit
New Features
bytes.Documentation
Tests