0.5.0: async pipelines, the pipeline cache, read/uniform buffers (from ShadyTracer's copy)

[lampmaker]

ShadyTracer kept its own copy of tinywebgpu.js in RAYTRACER_WEBGPU and had moved ahead of the release. ShadyTracer now gets its own repository, which pulls this repository in as a git submodule, so its additions have to land here first. The diff of the source adds only: upstream had nothing the copy lacked.

Added

• async: true on pipelines:
  • p.pipeline is a getter that stays 0 until p.ready settles.
  • Resources set before then are parked and bound when the pipeline arrives.
  • Dispatching early throws error 24.
• A per-device compute pipeline cache:
  • p.cached says whether a pipeline came from it.
  • cache: false opts out.
  • It is bounded by G.pipelineCacheMax and G.pipelineCacheChars.
  • It is keyed by the whole text.
• moduleOnly: true returns { wgsl, module } without a pipeline, and p.wgsl gives the source.
• The read and uniform resource prefixes.
• G.timePasses(fn) for per-pass descriptors such as timestampWrites.
• The adapter's maxStorageBuffersPerShaderStage is now requested.
• makeCompute and makeCompute2D pass every option through.

Fixed while moving it

• Wrong error message. An async pipeline still compiling, with its resources already set, said "No resources bound". The pipeline check now runs first.
• build-min refused the minified output. esbuild folds the new module-level WeakMap into the factory's statement, which broke the export splice. The splice now splits those declarators off.

Tests

• layout.test.mjs takes the copy's own cases: a write merging into the struct, and read/uniform buffers.
• It adds cache, async and moduleOnly cases.
• Checks that rest on DIAG or on internal names run against the source only.
• npm run test:all passes locally, and dist/ is rebuilt.

Also updated: d.ts, docs/API.md, the CHANGELOG (0.5.0) and package.json.

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