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fix(router)!: resolve . / .. segments in patterns like URLPattern - #246

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fix/resolve-dot-segments
Oct 2, 2026
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fix/resolve-dot-segments

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@pi0x pi0x commented Oct 2, 2026 •

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Part of #243.

. / .. segments in a pattern are now resolved like new URL() resolves a path, as URLPattern does. Before, they were read as literal segments, so WPT's /foo/../bar (which is /bar in URLPattern) only matched the raw path /foo/../bar.

  • /foo/../bar is /bar, /a/./b is /a/b, and /../a is /a (a .. at the root stays there). /a/b/.. is /a/, which is the same route as /a. Empty segments count as segments: /a//../b is /a/b.
  • Percent-encoded dots count too (%2e, .%2E, %2e%2e), as in URLPattern and new URL().
  • A segment with an escape stays literal (/\.\./bar matches /../bar, \%2e\%2e keeps %2e%2e). ..x, ... and ..:x are not dot segments.
  • Lookup paths are unchanged: they are resolved only with normalize.

Where rou3 throws instead of copying URLPattern

URLPattern canonicalizes each fixed-text part of a pattern on its own, and the / before a :name / * / (…) belongs to that param. Next to dynamic syntax, its result therefore stops being a path:

Pattern URLPattern
/:id/.. /:id/ (the .. is dropped)
/a/../:id //:id
/a/./* /a//*
/a{/..}?/b /a{/}?/b
/a/..{x}?/b /{x}?/b

These now throw rou3: `.` / `..` segment next to a param, catch-all or group (<pattern>) through invalidSyntax(). The rule:

  • a .. that would remove a segment that isn't plain text;
  • a dot segment right before a segment that starts with :, * or (;
  • a dot segment inside or touching a {…} group (checked per expansion in expandGroupDelimiters).

Where the whole-path result is the same as URLPattern's, the pattern is resolved:

  • /:id/a/../b is /:id/b
  • /a/../b-:id is /b-:id
  • /a/./{b}? is /a/{b}?
  • /a{/b/../c}? is /a{/c}?

Implementation

  • dotSegments() (operations/_utils.ts) is the one rule. addRoute, removeRoute and routeToRegExp call it right after absolutePattern / checkConstraints. It bails early with one DOT_SEGMENT test, and errors quote the pattern as written. routeNodeKeys, overlap and the compiler pick it up through the real addRoute. Registration identities belong to the resolved pattern, so removeRoute("/docs/../api") removes /api, and the reverse works too.
  • regExpToRoute escapes a literal dot segment (literalDots), so ^\/\.\.\/… round-trips. The /{/(\d+)}?/. fixture is now /{/(\d+)}?/\..
  • Breaking: patterns with dot segments now register the resolved route, and patterns with dot segments next to dynamic syntax now throw.

URLPattern behaviors not mirrored

  • Escaped dots: URLPattern resolves /\.\./bar to /bar too. rou3 keeps an escaped dot literal, as Pattern syntax: reject or resolve silent URLPattern divergences #243 asks. That is the only way to match a raw .. that the caller didn't normalize, and URLPattern inputs never contain one anyway.
  • Dots next to dynamic syntax: the per-part artifacts in the table above throw instead of being copied.
  • {..} without a modifier: URLPattern reads /a/{..}/b as /b. rou3 throws, because a dot segment in a group is reserved.
  • Relative patterns: ../foo and ./foo get a / and resolve to /foo. URLPattern keeps them relative, which was already a listed WPT diff.
  • Not addressed, could be another Pattern syntax: reject or resolve silent URLPattern divergences #243 item: URLPattern also resolves a dot run that is cut off by a param in the same segment. /a/.:x is /a/{:x} there, so it matches /a/foo, and /a/..:x is /{:x}. rou3 still reads .:x as a literal . followed by :x.

Tests

  • router.test.ts gets a new ". / .. segments in patterns" block. For each resolve case it compares findRoute, JIT and AOT with the resolved route over a set of paths. It also checks that routeToRegExp gives the same source, that routeNodeKeys agrees, that compareRoutes returns "equal", and that removal works by either spelling. A separate test checks the result against the runtime's URLPattern canonicalization. It also covers escaped dots staying literal, regExpToRoute round-trips, and 30 rejected patterns, which must throw in addRoute, routeToRegExp, routeNodeKeys and removeRoute.
  • New JSON scenario ". / .. segments in patterns" in test/scenarios/encoding.json, including invalid patterns.
  • Removed the stale WPT KNOWN_DIFFS entry /foo/../bar → /bar, since it now agrees with URLPattern. The routeNodeKeys encoding sweep skips . / .., which have no node of their own.
  • Bundle budget: +496 B raw / +208 B gzip, documented in bundle.test.ts.
  • pnpm test (lint, tsc, vitest): 18 files, 3787 passed. The affected suites also pass with --no-js-regexp-duplicate-named-groups (the Node 22 simulation).

Docs: README (new "Dot segments" section, invalid patterns, the URLPattern differences and edge cases tables, path normalization, removal, regex notes), .agents/syntax.md (pipeline, "Dot segments", reserved syntax), .agents/regexp.md and AGENTS.md.

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Summary by CodeRabbit

  • New Features
    • Route patterns now resolve . and .. segments like URLs, including percent-encoded dot segments. Equivalent patterns work consistently for matching, comparison, and removal.
    • Escaped dot segments remain literal route text.
  • Bug Fixes
    • Patterns with dot segments next to parameters, catch-alls, or groups now report an error instead of being registered ambiguously.

@pi0x
pi0x requested a review from pi0 as a code owner October 2, 2026 19:24
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Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 02023a9 and 8170185.

📒 Files selected for processing (17)
  • .agents/regexp.md
  • .agents/syntax.md
  • AGENTS.md
  • README.md
  • src/_group-delimiters.ts
  • src/operations/_utils.ts
  • src/operations/add.ts
  • src/operations/remove.ts
  • src/regexp-to-route.ts
  • src/regexp.ts
  • test/_regexp-cases.ts
  • test/bench/bundle.test.ts
  • test/regexp-to-route.test.ts
  • test/route-node-keys.test.ts
  • test/router.test.ts
  • test/scenarios/encoding.json
  • test/wpt.test.ts
📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

Route patterns now resolve literal . and .. segments, including encoded forms, during registration and related pattern operations. Ambiguous interactions with dynamic segments and groups raise an error. Regex conversion, removal, tests, and documentation reflect the canonicalized patterns.

Changes

Pattern resolution

Layer / File(s) Summary
Resolve and register patterns
src/operations/_utils.ts, src/operations/add.ts, src/_group-delimiters.ts, test/router.test.ts, test/scenarios/encoding.json, test/route-node-keys.test.ts, test/wpt.test.ts, test/bench/bundle.test.ts, AGENTS.md, README.md, .agents/syntax.md
The new utility resolves literal and encoded dot segments. Route insertion uses the resolved pattern, and group expansion rejects specified dot-segment interactions. Tests and documentation cover resolution, errors, and input-path normalization.
Align related pattern APIs
src/operations/remove.ts, src/regexp.ts, src/regexp-to-route.ts, test/router.test.ts, test/_regexp-cases.ts, test/regexp-to-route.test.ts, .agents/regexp.md, README.md
Route removal and routeToRegExp use resolved patterns. regExpToRoute escapes literal dot segments. Tests cover equivalent route spellings, literal dots, and related API behavior.

Priority: ➖ Normal

Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~25 minutes

Change: Bug fix

Merge Risk: 🟡 Moderate · up to 02023

An invalid removal pattern can remove a working route. Validate the input before normalization prior to merging.

Security Architecture Review

Security architecture risk: 🟡 Moderate · up to 02023

Canonicalization changes which routes patterns identify. A malformed removal pattern can now resolve to—and delete—a valid route that the original pattern could not register. The impact is bounded to callers with route-removal access; no new request-only bypass was established.

Retained concerns

  • Medium · reliability · inferred: Removal violates the invalid-pattern/no-mutation contract. A pattern such as /bad/../api, with a literal backslash before the slash, is rejected by registration but canonicalized to /api by removal. It can therefore delete valid route entries and change subsequent routing behavior. This is a newly introduced failure-containment issue, not an established remote authorization bypass.
Security review details

Security Blast Radius

  • inferred — The demonstrated deletion is bounded to the supplied router context and method. Canonicalization can target an existing static route and remove its duplicate registrations, but the evidence does not establish cross-router, tenant, credential, or service exposure.

Security Findings and Attack Paths

  • inferred — An actor controlling a pattern passed to an already-authorized removal call could supply a malformed segment followed by .., causing deletion of the resolved valid route. This may affect availability or fallback selection. The repository evidence does not establish attacker access to that call or a resulting authorization bypass.

Trust Boundaries and Controls

  • observed — Registration rejects malformed escapes before identity-changing normalization, and regex conversion inherits that validation. Removal lacks the equivalent original-input check. Request lookup remains a separate pipeline and does not grant route-mutation authority.

Resilience and Maintainability Implications

  • inferred — Deletion updates the live route entries and static lookup state without an undo step in the removal path. Repeating the malformed input does not restore the removed entries, so invalid-input handling must contain the failure before mutation.
🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 5
✅ Passed checks (5 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Description Check ✅ Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check ✅ Passed The title clearly and concisely describes the main change: resolving dot segments in route patterns to match URLPattern behavior.
Docstring Coverage ✅ Passed Docstring coverage is 100.00% which is sufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 10 functions across 11 files. (5 skipped: …
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
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A rabbit hops where dot paths wind,
The route resolves each sign.
Encoded dots join the trail,
While tricky neighbors fail.
Escaped dots stay put and bright,
Then routes match right.

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✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.

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Actionable comments posted: 1


  • 🪄 Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @src/operations/remove.ts:
- Line 32: Update removeRoute to validate the absolute input with
checkConstraints before passing it to dotSegments, and return without removing a
route if validation fails. Preserve existing handling of reserved modifiers and
dot segments adjacent to dynamic syntax.

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📒 Files selected for processing (17)
  • .agents/regexp.md
  • .agents/syntax.md
  • AGENTS.md
  • README.md
  • src/_group-delimiters.ts
  • src/operations/_utils.ts
  • src/operations/add.ts
  • src/operations/remove.ts
  • src/regexp-to-route.ts
  • src/regexp.ts
  • test/_regexp-cases.ts
  • test/bench/bundle.test.ts
  • test/regexp-to-route.test.ts
  • test/route-node-keys.test.ts
  • test/router.test.ts
  • test/scenarios/encoding.json
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Comment thread src/operations/remove.ts Resolved
`/foo/../bar` is `/bar` (`%2e` too, an escaped `\.\.` stays literal); next to a param, catch-all or group they throw. Part of #243.
@pi0x
pi0x force-pushed the fix/resolve-dot-segments branch from 02023a9 to 8170185 Compare October 2, 2026 19:37
@pi0x
pi0x merged commit e88eced into main Oct 2, 2026
6 checks passed
@pi0
pi0 deleted the fix/resolve-dot-segments branch October 2, 2026 19:44
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